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发表于 2009-7-9 14:22:54
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Vitiligo affects people of all races, but it is more visible in people with darker skin. The cause of the disorder is unknown, although family history plays a role.
无论什么种族的人都有可能患白癜风,但有色人种更容易得病。此病的成因尚不明确,但家庭遗传是一种原因
Topical ointments such as corticosteroids and oral medicine combined with ultraviolet light therapies are used to restore pigment to the skin. These treatments often have side effects including abnormal hair growth, thinning and over-darkening of the skin.
外用以及口服药和紫外线治疗可用来恢复皮肤的色素。副作用是头发生长异常,皮肤颜色过浅或过深。
They can be about 60 to 70 percent successful, said Dr. James Norlund, a dermatologist who specializes in skin color disorders at Group Health Associates in Cincinnati, Ohio.
有60%-70%的成功率,James Norlund医生,一位专攻肤色失调方面的皮肤科医生说
"The problem with vitiligo is, you end up with two colors," said Norlund, a board member with the National Vitiligo Foundation. "Everyone stares, wonders what's going on, and people ask if you had a burn. Kids ask what's wrong with you. It takes a tough soul to deal with that and not be affected."
Norlund说 “这种病带来的问题是,你的皮肤呈两种颜色,每个人都注视着你,想知道发生了什么,然后人们问你是否是烫伤了,孩子们问你怎么了。解决这个问题并且不被影响是很难的。”
He recalled one patient, an African-American woman with vitiligo who had patches across her hands and face. When she shopped in the grocery store, she would be followed, and every bit of produce and item she touched would be thrown away, he said.
他回忆起有一个女病人,美国黑人,患有白癜风,在她手上和脸上都有白斑。在她购物时,有人跟着她,每一个她摸过的商品和标签都会被丢弃
If treatment to restore the patient's natural color fails and the majority of a person's body is discolored, the next option is to lighten his or her skin to match the spots.
如果想让病人恢复肤色的治疗失败,病人的整个皮肤就改变了,下一个选择就是淡化皮肤,以使白斑与肤色相配。
"People want to be their own color," Norlund said. "Most of the time, most want to be their own color, but if they can't, the second best is, 'Look, I'll be one color, and I'll be white.' "
“人们喜欢他们原本的肤色” Norlund说,“大多数情况下,多数人想要他们本来的肤色,但如果不行的话,第二个最好的选择就是“看吧,我身上只有一种肤色了,那就是全白”
Norlund never treated Jackson but said the singer's use of the gloves and lipstick was consistent with the patterns of vitiligo, since the spots frequently first appear on the hands and face, including the lips. He said Jackson's representatives once reached out to several dermatologists, including him, to hold a symposium on vitiligo at the Neverland Ranch, but those plans never materialized.
Norlund没有治疗过杰克逊,但他说歌手的手套和唇膏与白癜风病人的行为模式很相似,因为白斑首先会频繁出现在手部和脸部,包括嘴唇。他说杰克逊的发言人以前寻找过几个皮肤病医生,包括他自己,准备在梦幻庄园举行一个白癜风的讨论会,但这些计划从未实现过。
Despite such statements, the constant changes in his face-- as it became narrower and paler -- baffled and caused some unease.
除了这些言论,他脸上持续的变化----越来越白,使人困惑和不安。
Bleaching or lightening one's skin for cosmetic reasons is much rarer in the United States than in Asian, African and Caribbean nations, dermatologists said. In some countries, people use over-the-counter and bootleg products -- some of which contain potentially toxic chemicals -- to lighten their skin. The controversial practice has been viewed as the psychological legacy of racism, where light skin was valued over darker skin.
为了好看而漂白或者淡化肤色在美国远比在亚洲 非洲和加勒比国家少见,皮肤病医生说。在一些国家,人们使用无医生处方也可合法出售的和非法制造的产品----一些产品含有可能有毒的化学成分,来淡化肤色。这种有争议的实践被视为种族主义的心理遗产,认为浅色皮肤比深色皮肤更优越
In the United States, lightening ointments are prescribed for spot treatments for scars, acne pits or discolored marks, said Dr. Melissa Piliang, a dermatologist at the Cleveland Clinic.
在美国,淡化膏剂用于伤疤、痘疤等的治疗,是处方药。Dr. Melissa Piliang说,他是Cleveland诊所的皮肤科医生。
There is no surgery to lighten the skin. In the United States, a powerful medication called Benoquin, also known as monobenzene, can be used to treat extreme cases of vitiligo.
"It's important to understand that this product actually removes pigment (not just lightens), which is more like being an albino, " wrote Dr. Min-Wei Christine Lee, a cosmetic dermatologic surgeon and director of The East Bay Laser & Skin Care Center in Walnut Creek, California. "Caucasian skin still has pigment even though it's 'white' -- skin treated with Benoquin has no pigment."
还没有淡化肤色的手术。在美国,一种叫做Benoquin的强效药(另名单基取代苯)可以治疗严重的白癜风病人。“这种产品实际上移除的是色素(而不仅是白斑),看起来就像白人一样” Dr. Min-Wei Christine Lee写道。“白种人的皮肤实际上也有色素,尽管看起来是白的,而Benoquin治疗后的皮肤没有色素。”
The process, though painless, is so tedious and lengthy that most people use Benoquin only on the visible areas of their body, such as their face, neck and arms, Nordlund said. Side effects include irritated, dry or itchy skin, and the results are permanent.
整个过程,尽管是无痛的,却冗长。多数人只在身体的可见区域使用Benoquin,比如头,颈和臂部。副作用有易怒,口渴和皮肤发痒,并且是终身的。
The person applies the medication once a day, and it could take six months to two years to take away the coloring. Nordlund said he has heard of only one or two people who administered the ointment over their entire bodies; those processes took five to eight years.
病人一天用药一次,在6个月到两年的时限内会带走色素。Norlund说他只听说过一两个用此药的人涂抹在全身。整个过程持续五到八年
It leaves the person extremely sensitive to the sun.
这种治疗使人对日光尤其敏感
It's a decision that Lee Thomas may have to make one day. None of the treatments to bring back his natural pigment has worked. His face has become about 35 to 40 percent white, and he uses heavy makeup to even out the spots when he appears on television.
Lee Thomas Lee Thomas总有一天要做出选择。将他肤色恢复的治疗没有一种奏效。他的脸有35-40%变白的,因此他涂重妆在白斑上,当他出席电视节目的时候
"I would have to consider it as an option," Thomas said of whether he would consider depigmentation if the discolored spots spread. "When it gets to that point, I'll make that decision. Right now, I'm not there yet."
“我需要考虑这个选择”,thomas在谈到移除皮肤色素时说“到那时候,我会做出决定,现在,还不必要。 |
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